Symptoms Addressed by TAVR

• Shortness of breath, especially on exertion

• Chest pain (angina)

• Fatigue and decreased exercise tolerance

• Dizziness or fainting (syncope)

• Heart failure symptoms due to valve dysfunction

Procedure Overview

1. Pre-procedure Assessment

   • Echocardiography, CT angiography, and cardiac catheterization

   • Blood tests and risk evaluation

2. TAVR Procedure

   • Local anesthesia with conscious sedation or general anesthesia

   • Catheter inserted through the femoral artery (most common) or alternative access

   • Diseased aortic valve is replaced with a collapsible prosthetic valve

   • Valve is expanded and positioned accurately within the old valve

3. Post-procedure Care

   • Short ICU stay (usually 1–2 days)

   • Monitoring for arrhythmias, bleeding, or vascular complications

   • Early mobilization and discharge within 3–5 days

   • Follow-up echocardiograms to check valve function

Benefits of TAVR

• Minimally invasive, avoiding open-heart surgery

• Shorter hospital stay and faster recovery

• Reduces symptoms of aortic stenosis and improves quality of life

• Suitable for high-risk or elderly patients

• Lower procedural risk in select patient populations

Cost of TAVR in India

Table 1: Average TAVR Cost in India

Factors Affecting TAVR Cost

1. Type of prosthetic valve – Balloon-expandable vs self-expanding valves

2. Hospital and catheter lab facilities – Advanced centers with 3D imaging and hybrid OR charge more

3. Patient risk profile – High-risk or complex anatomy may increase procedural costs

4. Pre- and post-procedure care – Imaging, ICU stay, and medications affect overall cost

5. Complications or additional interventions – May increase total expenses